Are logic and mathematics necessary and sufficient to explain space-time, matter, energy, relativity, and quantum mechanics? What else might be necessary?
Are logic, math, and physics (space-time, matter, energy, relativity, and quantum mechanics) necessary and sufficient to explain chemistry?
Are logic, math, physics, and chemistry necessary and sufficient to explain organic chemistry, biochemistry, molecular biology, and all other biology?
Is biology (in conjunction with the above chain) necessary and sufficient to explain our brains?
Are our brains (and that chain) necessary and sufficient to explain minds?
Is logic merely a creation of human mind?
Is logic necessary and sufficient to explain advanced mathematics?
Can we simply skip back to the first step above, and just keep looping?
Are epistemological mathematics (the kind which human scientists have invented) representative of ontological mathematics (the kind that call the shots in physics - e.g. at the quantum mechanical level)?
Are human logic and mathematics sufficiently robust (at least in theory) that humans could produce sentient electronic minds? - or even entire artificial worlds, like in the movies The Matrix and The 13th Floor?
How much might an artificial world be like our own? Can we skip back to the top and start down again - but in an artificial world?
How many such loops might we be able to make? Do recursively diminishing subsets of finite resources predict some kind of upper limit?
What happens if we work our way backwards around this same loop? Do we ever reach a beginning? At which step could any such beginning possibly occur?
I affirm that each of the above links in the seemingly endlessly spiraling causality "loop," which I have just described, is absolutely valid - except, of course, for the one proverbial "weakest link." This loop contains at least one serious mistake; where do you suppose it might be? The consequences become fascinating wherever we might try to cut this strange loop.
-D.W.S.